Alcohol Abuse in Seniors: Knowing the Signs

An Alarming Trend

It’s not uncommon to associate alcohol consumption with younger age groups, but studies show that drinking among older adults is on the rise. Some attribute this to pervasive anxiety caused by the recession, while others note that baby boomers have gone through life without the aversion to alcohol experienced by older generations. Both theories are valid, but a factor that should not be underestimated is that, for many, life simply becomes harder with age.

 

Seniors may turn to alcohol in order to alleviate the pain, loss, isolation, loneliness, or despair that they’re feeling, due to events such as the death of a spouse, children moving away, retirement, or physical ailment. Or if they have an existing affinity to alcohol, the challenges of aging may increase dependence. A drink or two a day may quickly become four or five. And though the body may have tolerated this years ago, it becomes increasingly sensitive to alcohol over time. In fact, drinking in excess can eventually exacerbate existing health conditions or result in liver damage, cancer, immune system disorders. It can also increase the risk of accidents – in or outside the home – and can be lethal if combined with certain medications.

 

The National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence (NCADD) estimates that nearly half of all nursing home residents face alcohol-related problems.

 

Knowing the Signs

Again, many seniors may not understand that they are abusing alcohol. To them it may just be as if they are continuing to consume as they always have. Being proactive and providing education to seniors on the dangers of even moderate alcohol consumption is extraordinarily important. Additionally, family members, caregivers, and friends should also know exactly how to identify a loved one’s drinking problem.

 

Here’s what to look for:

  • Drinking in private or in a hidden, solitary way
  • Loss of interest in hobbies or activities that were once pleasurable
  • Increasingly hostile or angry
  • Ritual of drinking before, during, or after meals
  • Memory loss or confusion
  • Slurred speech
  • Change in appearance
  • Empty liquor bottles or beer bottles

 

Some of the signs listed above can be mistaken for other conditions experienced by seniors, such as depression or dementia. This results in alcohol abuse often being overlooked in the senior population. Coupled with the fact that many seniors are reluctant or embarrassed to seek help, it’s no surprise that this is becoming a bigger problem.

 

Adult children and family caregivers should not dismiss any of the signs of alcohol abuse, but they should also approach the topic delicately and with respect for their loved ones. As mentioned previously, they may view alcohol as their only form of solace, so proposing that they be without it may not go over well, at least initially. Keeping communication open is key, as is letting seniors know that there are healthy alternatives and support systems available to help them begin to live safer, happier lives.

 

Comfort Keepers® Can Help

Safety, happiness, and positive wellbeing. These are all qualities we want for the seniors in our lives – and we want to know that they have what they need to live independently. Comfort Keepers® makes that a reality by providing quality care for seniors and peace of mind for families. In doing so, our compassionate, professional caregivers can let families know of any changes in their loved one’s behavior that may indicate a drinking problem. Our goal, above all, is to maintain the physical and emotional wellbeing of seniors everywhere. Contact Comfort Keepers today to learn more about our unique style of caregiving.

 

 

 

References:

The New York Times. “Alcohol Abuse is Rising among Older Adults” by Paula Span. Web. 2017.

Alcohol Rehab Guide. “Alcoholism in seniors” Web. 2018.

NCADD. “Alcohol, Drug Dependence and seniors.” Web. 2018.

National Institute on Aging. “Facts about Aging and Alcohol.” Web. 2018.

Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome

An Important Topic

Let’s face it, when it comes to discussing what goes on in the bathroom, most of us opt to change the subject entirely. It’s something that we’ve been conditioned to feel uncomfortable about, especially when things aren’t as normal as they should be. But while gut health may not exactly be something to bring up at the next family get-together or cocktail party, it certainly deserves our utmost attention on a movement-by-movement basis. Frequent irregularity can indicate the presence of a bowel disorder – and chief among them, for aging adults, is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Many seniors are affected by IBS, and the increased stress that they face can make symptoms and the overall outcome quite serious, if not managed.

 

What Is IBS?

IBS is characterized by frequent discomfort from changes in bowel movements, which may include diarrhea and constipation, or an alternation between the two – typically over an extended period of time. Other symptoms include acid reflux, bloating, and difficulty swallowing. While these are the most common symptoms, IBS truly is different for everyone, and to date, the medical community isn’t entirely sure what the root cause of IBS is. However, there are a handful of factors that, when combined, appear to trigger IBS.

 

Sensitivity to certain foods or drinks is one of the primary factors; seniors with IBS may find that their digestive system no longer responds well to the fried and fatty foods or alcoholic drinks they enjoyed in their younger years. Genetics also seem to play a role, as IBS is more likely to occur in people who have a history of the condition. However, recent studies indicate that IBS may have more to do with stress and the way in which our gut talks with our brain.

5 million Canadians suffer from IBS with 120,000 Canadians developing IBS each year.

Stress as a Factor

Stress has long been associated with IBS, but only recently has there been scientific understanding of what the relationship may be. Over the last few years, studies on gut health have shown that in many ways, the gut seemingly represents a second brain because of its complex system of neurons. These neurons are linked to the brain in a way that essentially forms an axis – a two-way road where the brain influences the gut and vice versa. Feelings of stress will cause the bowels to act irregularly, which then causes additional stress – forming a vicious cycle.

 

The same is certainly true for seniors, but the effect can often be much worse. As we age, our bodies are not as well-equipped to deal with prolonged irregularity – and an IBS symptom such as diarrhea can ultimately lead to malnourishment if the right nutrients are not being absorbed. As mentioned above, stress is not the only factor to consider with IBS, but seniors should not underestimate the brain-gut relationship. Though stress management is an important step in IBS management, seniors can also control the disorder by incorporating specific lifestyle changes such as diet adjustment, exercise, probiotics, and certain medications (all with physician consultation and approval).

 

The symptoms of IBS are similar to those of colon cancer, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and internal obstruction – which makes physician consultation all the more imperative for seniors. Thorough testing can help rule out digestive disorders which may be life-threatening.

 

Comfort Keepers® Can Help

No matter what, it’s important for seniors to understand that IBS isn’t a normal part of aging. By identifying the triggers and consulting a physician on what lifestyle choices to make, seniors can continue living healthy lives. The compassionate, professional caregiving team at Comfort Keepers® help promote positive wellbeing for seniors and can see that they follow diets as prescribed by a physician/dietician. We can also provide incidental transportation, mobility assistance, and light housekeeping – all with the goal of helping seniors maintain a safe, healthy, and independent lifestyle. Contact a local Comfort Keepers office today to learn more.

 

 

 

References:

IrritableBowelSyndrome.Net. “Do Stress and Anxiety Cause IBS?” Web. 2016.

WebMD. “IBS Triggers and How to Avoid Them.” Web. 2018.

SeniorHealth365. “Irritable Bowel Syndrome in the Elderly.” Web. 2018.

HealthLine. “The Dangers of Untreated IBS-C/CIC”

Canadian Digestive Health Foundation.  “Statistics”  Web. 2018.

Protecting the Liver as We Age

An Unsung Hero

The liver is one of the body’s true powerhouses – an organ that performs a staggering number of important functions simultaneously. Not only does it convert nutrients into bile, a substance that helps with the digestion process, it also produces amino acids that play a key role in fighting infections. The list goes on and on when it comes to the liver. And while we certainly count on it to maintain homeostasis throughout life, its health and functionality is especially vital as we get older, when the threat of liver failure becomes greater.

 

The Threats

There are more than one hundred known liver diseases, many of which can lead to liver failure, robbing the body of essential functions that keep it healthy. One of the most common causes of liver failure is alcohol abuse. Alcohol abuse often leads to cirrhosis, a condition that sees the liver becoming scarred and deteriorated, ultimately leading to the loss of functioning cells. The overuse of painkillers, specifically acetaminophen, and certain prescription medications can also damage the liver and lead to a condition known as liver necrosis.

 

One of the other major causes of liver failure is viral hepatitis, a disease that has a number of forms. Hepatitis C, in particular, is quite dangerous and can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer if untreated. Unfortunately, most people with Hepatitis C don’t know that they’re actually infected as it can take years for symptoms to manifest. However, once detected, Hepatitis C is treatable, but it does become more difficult to fight with age. That’s why screening as early as possible is vital, especially for baby boomers (those born from 1945 to 1965). It’s believed that the transmission of Hepatitis C was highest around this time because many of the infection control procedures seen in the healthcare industry today were simply not around.

According to the Canadian Liver Foundation an estimated 250,000 Canadians have Hepatitis C.

Ways to Protect the Liver

There’s no doubt that the liver is one of the hardest working organs in the human body and a tough one at that. In fact, it’s the only organ that has the ability to fully regenerate itself after surgery or injury. It’s certainly not invincible though, and as we age it’s important to take the right steps to protect the liver from the known threats. Below are a few tips that seniors can follow to help protect their livers:

  • Limit alcohol consumption, or don’t drink at all.
  • Take acetaminophen in moderation (most medical experts recommend no more than 3,250 mg/day) and talk to your physician about the risk of current medications.
  • Research and consult with a physician before taking any supplements.
  • Ensure you are eating a balanced diet, complete with whole grains, vegetables, lean protein, and healthy fats.
  • Get tested for viral hepatitis, especially if you were born between 1945 and 1965.
  • Take caution when using cleaning products, as many of the active agents are known to damage the liver.
  • Incorporate coffee into your diet. Recent studies show that drinking coffee may help in preventing liver disease.

Managing Alcohol

While all of the tips listed are important for maintaining the health of the liver, the management of alcohol remains central. Alcohol abuse is common in seniors, often serving as a way to cope with the hardships associated with aging, such as death of friends/family, physical pain, and isolation. And it can occur without anybody ever knowing. Click here to learn more about the effects of alcohol on seniors and how to identify when there’s a problem. Understanding the dangerous potential of alcohol will help seniors not only reduce their risk of liver problems, but also brain damage, cancer, and even immune system disorders.

 

Comfort Keepers® Can Help

At Comfort Keepers®, we understand just how important it is to stay healthy as we age, and that seniors may have a hard time adapting to the ways in which their bodies adapt to age. Our team of caring professionals can help seniors make healthier choices, conducive to liver protection, and provide them with the support they need to life a healthy lifestyle. Our goal is to ensure that aging adults preserve their safety, independence, and positive wellbeing. Contact your local Comfort Keepers today to learn more about our services.

 

References:

Medicine Net. “Liver Disease” by Benjamin Wedro. Web. 2018.

Consumer Reports. “How to Keep Your Liver Healthy” by Janet Lee. Web. 2017.

WebMD. “How Not to Wreck Your Liver” by Suz Redfearn. Web. 2018.

Canadian Liver Foundation. “Hepatitis C.”  Web. 2017.

Common Eye Problems in Aging Adults & Risk Reduction Tips

Like all of our primary senses, we tend to take our vision for granted. It helps us navigate everyday life, from the moment we wake up to the time we go to sleep – and yet, how often do we really stop to think about the biological processes involved, or even the possibility that our eyes might fail us? For many aging adults, the concern of failing eyesight is quite real.

The Canadian Association of Optometrists recommends that all adults, 65 years of age and older, receive annual eye examinations.

Past the age of 60, a number of eye diseases can begin to develop, a majority of which have the potential to permanently damage one’s vision. What’s more, the symptoms associated with these diseases often do not manifest until later in the development cycle. So, while one’s vision may seem completely normal, there may be problems brewing. Here are the four eye diseases seniors should be aware of:

  • Glaucoma: Technically a group of eye diseases, glaucoma is the result of pressure buildup inside the eye, which ultimately damages the eye’s optic nerve. As glaucoma progresses, one may experience his or her peripheral vision to weaken. Prior to that, however, there are no initial symptoms. In fact, it’s estimated that nearly 1 million people have glaucoma but are unaware.
  • Age–related macular degeneration (AMD): Although it rarely results in blindness, AMD deteriorates one’s central vision because of damage to part of the retina called the macula. With this central or “straight ahead” vision affected, activities such as driving or reading become challenging.

 

  • Cataracts: Defined as the clumping of proteins within the lens of the eye, a cataract causes cloudy or opaque vision. Those who have had vision affected by cataracts must have surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with a new one.
  • Diabetic retinopathy: This is a complication of diabetes, wherein blood vessels in the eyes burst and bleed, eventually detaching the retina. Those with diabetic retinopathy experience shadows or dark objects that float within their field of vision. While there is no cure, laser treatment is often effective in preventing blindness before the retina becomes too damaged.

Risk Reduction: What Seniors Can Do
Like all of our organs, eyes are not immune to the process of aging. A gradual decrease in vision may be normal as we age, but it’s not uncommon for seniors to have excellent vision. Encourage your aging loved ones to take the following steps to ensure their eyesight remains sharp late into life:

  • Schedule a comprehensive eye exam annually (at a minimum), to check for:
    • Visual acuity (measuring sight at varying distances)
    • Pupil dilation (widening the pupil using drops, to determine signs of disease)
    • Tonometry (measuring fluid pressure within the eyes)
  • Protect eyes from ultraviolet light. If going outside when it’s sunny, be sure to wear a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses.
  • Don’t smoke, or take steps to quit. The chances of developing many of the aforementioned eye diseases increase dramatically if you smoke.
  • Exercise regularly and follow a healthy diet (with physician’s approval), with foods high in antioxidants, omega 3 fatty acids, vitamins A and C, and magnesium. Pay close attention to sugar intake especially, as studies indicate sugar has a significant impact on eye disease formation. Always check with your physician before making any dietary changes.
  • Notify your optometrist immediately if you notice any changes in vision.

 

Comfort Keepers® Can Help
The compassionate, professional caregivers of Comfort Keepers can help your aging loved ones live comfortably at home, even if they struggle with their vision. They can provide mobility assistance, meal preparation, and help with areas of daily living. Additionally, caregivers will drive loved ones to scheduled optometrist appointments and other places in town. Contact your local Comfort Keepers today to learn more about how in-home care can help your loved ones.

 

 

 

References:
American Optometric Association. “Adult Vision: Over 60 Years of Age.” Web. 2017.

Natural Eye Care. “Eye Care for Seniors: Problems More Common With Aging.” Web. 2017.

AgingCare.com. “Warning Signs of Senior Eye Disease” by James M. Maisel, M.D. Web. 2017.
AgingCare.com. “The 4 Most Common Age-Related Eye Diseases” by Marlo Sollitto. Web. 2017.

Cervical Cancer: Risks for Older Adults and Best Practices

Cancer of the cervix, or cervical cancer, was once listed as one of the most common causes of cancer death among women. In the last few decades, however, the death rate has decreased considerably thanks to the development of the Pap test – recommended for women between the ages of 21 and 65, every three years.

A majority of cervical cancer cases are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Two particular types, HPV-16 and HPV-18, make up 70% of cervical cancers worldwide.

A Persistent Risk

Although the risk of developing cervical cancer is greatest during middle age, the threat is still considerable once women reach 65 years of age. In fact, it’s estimated that more than 15% of cervical cancer cases are found past the normal age range. One reason for this is that some women begin opting out of pap tests (among other screenings) as they get older, thinking that there is no longer a discernable risk. As mentioned, there is indeed a risk, and what’s more, past the age of 65, cervical cancer becomes harder to treat. One study showed that cervical cancer patients over the age 70 had 1.6 times greater chance of death than those under 70, even with the same conditions.

 

The Importance of Screening and Best Practices

The key to decreasing risk of finding cervical cancer later in life is, as many studies seem to indicate, testing. The American Cancer Society reports that cancer occurred far less in women who received regular tests before the age of 65. Of course, when it comes to any type of cancer screening for older adults, nothing is black and white – and cervical cancer is certainly no exception. That being said, there are some best practices that older women can follow in regard to cervical cancer screening. Here are a few:

  • If you are younger than 65 and have not had a screening done within the last five years (and have not had a hysterectomy), ask your doctor about getting a screening.
  • If you are older than 65 and have not had a hysterectomy, discuss your risk for cervical cancer, as well as the pros and cons of screening.
  • Ensure that health care staff and physicians check your health records thoroughly before they make the decision on whether screening should stop.
  • If you have no recent history of pap tests, talk to your physician or health care professionals about scheduling a test.

 

The topic of cervical cancer can be scary for many aging adults, especially if they haven’t kept up on pap tests – but the sooner information is gathered, the sooner a plan of action can be made. Encourage your aging loved ones to consult their physician/health care team to find out the best approach for screening and/or treatment.

 

Comfort Keepers® Can Help

The professional care team at Comfort Keepers® can help promote healthy and independent living for your aging loved ones. Plans of care can include everything from mobility assistance to companionship, but caregivers can also provide transportation to and from scheduled medical appointments. So if your loved ones need to visit a physician to get tested or discuss cervical cancer, our caregivers will get them there safely and on time. To learn more about Comfort Keepers services, contact your local office today.

 

 

 

 

References:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Some Older Women Are Not Getting Recommended Cervical Cancer Screenings.” Web. 2017.

American Cancer Society. “What Are the Key Statistics About Cervical Cancer?” Web. 2017.

HealingWell.com. “Elderly Women with Cervical Cancer Face Tough Battle.” Web. 2015.

National Institutes of Health. “Cervical Cancer.” Web. 2017.

 

 

 

 

 

The Thyroid Gland as We Age: What Seniors Should Know

It’s common for older adults to experience feelings of fatigue, restlessness, and sadness – and often times, they may simply associate them with getting older, thinking that there is no solution in sight. To make things worse, family members may also be quick to assume that a loved one is experiencing age-related depression or problems with mental faculties. What you and your loved ones may not know, however, is that these symptoms may actually indicate a problem with the thyroid gland.

The chances of developing thyroid disease increase dramatically with age – so much so that nearly 20% of women 60 years of age and older have some form of the disease.

Understanding Thyroid Disorders

The thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped organ that helps regulate metabolism through hormones (T3 and T4), goes through a number of changes as we age. Some of these changes are microscopic, while others are more physiological – but both can impact the release of the T3 and T4 hormones. If these hormones are not in balance, two disorders may arise:

  • Hyperthyroidism: This disorder occurs when the thyroid is overactive in its production of hormones. Those with hyperthyroidism often experience excessive weight loss, nervousness, difficulty sleeping, and constant anxiety. Hyperthyroidism can result from inflammation of the thyroid, pituitary gland malfunctions, or cancerous growths in the gland itself.
  • Hypothyroidism: Significantly more common among older adults than hyperthyroidism, this disorder stems from a hormone deficiency. With a drop in hormone production, energy levels decrease, leading to extreme fatigue, difficulty concentrating, weight changes, and even muscle pain. Hypothyroidism can result from an autoimmune disorder known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, exposure to iodide, and as a side effect from the drug lithium.

 

What Should Seniors Do?

If your aging loved ones experience any of the symptoms associated with either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, encourage them to ask their physician for a thyroid evaluation. As mentioned, these symptoms can be similar to other age-related conditions, so it’s important that the thyroid is considered. A thyroid evaluation involves checking the gland and conducting a blood test that evaluates T3 and T4 levels.

 

Hypothyroidism is typically treated through hormone replacement therapy, while hyperthyroidism is treated with radioactive iodine (RAI), along with antithyroid drug therapy. Surgery may also be required for hyperthyroidism, but is rarely recommended because of age-related risk factors. Treatment of both conditions should be carefully monitored by professionals, so that adjustments can be made immediately.

 

Even if your aging loved ones are not currently experiencing these thyroid disorders, it’s important that they take steps to help reduce their risk. For hyperthyroidism, preventative measures include reducing stress, avoiding caffeine, and not smoking. For hypothyroidism, it’s recommended that you check for celiac disease/gluten intolerance, avoid fluoride whenever possible, and also ask for a thyroid collar when getting x-rayed.

 

Comfort Keepers® Can Help
Comfort Keepers is proud to provide compassionate, professional, in-home care to seniors and other adults. This includes everything from nutritious meal preparation to transportation to and from your loved ones’ preferred destinations. If they are faced with thyroid problems, our caregivers can work to make daily living more comfortable so that they are either making choices conducive to a smooth recovery or risk reduction. For more information about Comfort Keepers’ services, contact your local office today.

 

 

 

References:
Only My Health. “Preventive Measure for Hyperthyroidism” by Vatsal Anand. Web. 2017.

Very Well. “Things You Can Do to Prevent A Thyroid Condition” by Mary Shomon. Web. 2017.

WebMD. “Understanding Thyroid Problems – The Basics” Web. 2017.
Medicine Net. “Thyroid and Aging – Helping to Keep the Golden Years Golden” by Ruchi Mathur, M.D. Web. 2017.