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 Summer Heat

From picnics and barbecues to baseball games and festivals, summer often presents numerous opportunities to spend quality time with friends and family – all under the warm sunny skies. For many seniors, summer is the perfect chance to get out and make connections with new people and strengthen existing relationships. But while the nice weather may be enticing, the excessive heat that comes with the sun’s powerful rays can be life-threatening. Those of all ages should take proper precautions in the summer, but seniors especially need to safeguard themselves from the threat of heat .exhaustion, heat stroke, and dehydration.

In this article, we’ll explore what makes seniors more sensitive to the sun, and look at ways they can reduce their risk of the aforementioned conditions so that they can enjoy a relaxing summer.

Heat stroke (sun stroke) is the most serious type of heat illness and requires urgent medical attention. During heat stroke a person will have a core body temperature that is above 40º C (105 º F)

Changes as We Age

As we age, it becomes increasingly difficult for our bodies to adjust to shifting temperatures. For one, our ability to perspire or sweat – arguably our primary heat regulation mechanism – loses efficiency the older we get. Other factors that influence heat sensitivity include decreased blood circulation, certain prescription medications (particularly diuretics or those taken for hypertension), and being overweight or underweight. These factors can all contribute to heat exhaustion or heat stroke.

One of the other major threats that warm weather can bring about is dehydration when water/fluid loss is greater than water/fluid intake. Similar to how we don’t perspire as well as we used to, our body also has a harder time conserving water the older we get. Seniors’ sense of thirst also diminishes. If a senior relies solely on thirst to stay hydrated, his or her risk of becoming dehydrated can increase significantly. Dehydration that goes unchecked can lead to an electrolyte imbalance, reduced blood volume, urinary tract infections (UTIs), kidney failure, and even death.

Tips for Safely Enjoying Summer

As you can surmise, the threats are real and the consequences are quite serious when it comes to summer heat. However, it’s important to note that these conditions are not unique to seniors and certainly don’t represent an inevitable part of aging. Seniors can still experience a fun, enjoyable summer if they follow a few simple tips:

• Check the Forecast and Timing – First and foremost, know what to expect before going outside. If the temperature is going to be over 30 degrees it’s probably best just to stay inside. Even if it’s lower, seniors should try to avoid going out when the sun’s ultraviolet rays are strongest, between 10AM and 3PM. If they must be out during this time, it’s important to find spots that offer shade or shelter from the sun.
• Dress Appropriately – The summer heat can be especially overwhelming if you’re wearing the wrong clothes. The key is to dress in clothing that is lightweight, breathable, and light in color. Loosely woven or ventilated hats can also help shield the face from the sun’s rays. Although not clothing-related, it’s vital that seniors also wear sunscreen when going outside, as prolonged sun exposure can lead to skin cancer.
• Stay Hydrated – Seniors who plan on spending hours outside should ensure that they have adequate water for the length of their time outdoors. Throughout the course of any given day, seniors should drink at least eight 8-ounce cups of water, but they’ll want to increase their intake if they plan on being in the warm weather. Above all, it’s imperative that they don’t wait until they’re thirsty to drink, but rather stick to a drinking schedule or continually take small sips. Sports drinks, which can help replenish sodium or potassium, can also be good for reducing the risk of dehydration. Caffeine and alcoholic beverages, on the other hand, should be avoided at all costs.
• Take a Break – When it comes to spending time with others during the summer, it’s common for us to push ourselves more than we usually would in order to soak up the sun. Seniors are certainly no exception, but they should be sure to take breaks often throughout the day. If they aren’t near their home, seniors can go to any public, air-conditioned building – whether it’s a shopping mall or a restaurant – to get away from the heat.

Comfort Keepers^® Can Help 

Summer should never be viewed as a time of restriction. Seniors should be able to experience all the fun, laughter, and excitement that comes along with summer – but in a smart, safe way. At Comfort Keepers^®, we can help make that happen. Our professional caregivers can see that seniors are staying hydrated, taking breaks from the heat, and taking all the proper precautions. Comfort Keepers can also provide transportation to the grocery store, pharmacy, doctor’s office, or wherever senior clients may need to go. Contact a local office today to learn more.

References:

Manitoba Government Website. “Health, Seniors and Active Living.” Web 2018.

AgingCare.com “Protecting Seniors from Dangerous Summer Heat” by June Fletch. Web. 2018.

SeniorAdvisor.com “Summer Safety Tips for Seniors” by Kristen Hicks. Web. 2018.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Heat and Older Adults.” Web. 2017.

Drip Drop ORS Dehydration Relief. “Seniors and Heat Illness: Why the Elderly Are More Affected by the Heat.”
Web. 2014.

Window into Independence

It’s been said that the eyes represent the window to the soul, but when you think about it, they’re also the window into our reality – a window that we often take for granted. And perhaps it’s because we can’t actually see our eyes that we don’t usually think about their health until our vision begins to diminish. However, as we age, it becomes more imperative that we safeguard our vision before problems – like cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy – arise.

While the symptoms of these conditions may be mild initially, they can ultimately result in seniors having to give up many of things that promote their independence, including activities of daily living. Fortunately, seniors can take steps to reduce their risk of visual impairment. Perhaps the most important action for seniors to take is to have their eyes consistently examined.

Every 12 minutes, someone in Canada begins to lose their eyesight. But 75 per cent of vision loss can be prevented.

The Importance of Eye Exams

Regularly scheduled checkups are fundamental to protecting our eyesight, especially as we get older. Comprehensive eye exams, which generally look at four key components of vision (eye alignment, visual acuity, depth perception, and eye movement), help in determining any correctable refractive errors so that any necessary aids can be prescribed. Although some seniors may only require glasses or contacts to help correct these more minor issues, others rely on eye exams to help detect the presence of eye diseases, often early in their development and before any major damage has occurred. What’s more, optometrists can often detect other general health problems, such as high cholesterol, diabetes, and hypertension, while examining the eyes.

The Ontario Association of Optometrists recommends that adults over the age of 65 receive eye exams once every year, or more if vision becomes noticeably different. The earlier something is detected, the faster treatment can begin. Of course, eye exams are only part of the equation. Seniors can be proactive and protect their eyes by making healthy lifestyle choices as well.

Note: Seniors should always consult their physician before changing diet or beginning any exercise regimen.

Lifestyle Changes

• Diet – Replace processed foods and refined carbohydrates with a diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as foods rich in antioxidants (vitamins A and C). Switch from sugary drinks, like soda and juice, to water. Higher sugar intake can cause the eye’s lens to swell. Additionally, Omega-3 fatty acids, found in many cold-water fish, have been found to help reduce the risk of eye disease.
• Quit Smoking – In addition to causing heart disease and lung cancer, smoking can also contribute to vision loss. In fact, the risk of developing macular degeneration alone is 2.5 – 3.5 times greater for those who smoke. Seniors should keep in mind that it’s never too late to quit smoking, and the body will actually begin to heal within days of quitting.
• Shield the eyes – Particularly between the hours of 11AM and 3PM, the sun’s ultraviolet light is at its most powerful. The rays emitted from this light are certainly dangerous to your skin, but your eyes are just as vulnerable. The solution is to wear UV-blocking sunglasses, as well as wide brim hats that can offer extra protection.
• Exercise – It’s recommended that seniors get at least 20 minutes of moderate physical activity each day. Low-impact exercises, such as walking, swimming, and cycling, are often some of the most beneficial for seniors because they aren’t as hard on the body but are still intense enough to elevate the heart rate.
• Reduce ‘Digital Eye Strain’ – We’re fortunate to live in a digital age where seniors have access to technology that allows them to stay connected, but many devices can cause issues like dry eyes, blurred vision, and eye pain. In fact, collectively these symptoms have an official name: digital eye strain. To help combat this, seniors should take frequent breaks from their digital devices, reduce any overhead light to eliminate glare, and position themselves at an arm’s distance away from the screen. They can also purchase specialty eyewear that features strain-reducing capabilities.

Comfort Keepers^® Can Help 

Seniors should feel empowered knowing that they can take steps to protect their vision and reduce the risk of eye diseases. But when they need some additional help, Comfort Keepers^® is there to offer the support they need. Our caregivers can help establish daily routines that promote good health and independent living. Caregivers can also provide transportation to and from medical appointments or anywhere else clients need to go. Contact your nearest Comfort Keepers location to learn more about our in-home care services.

References:

Canadian National Institute for the Blind. “Seeing Beyond Vision Loss.” Web 2018.

Ontario Association of Optometrists. The Eye Exam for Seniors”. Web. 2018.

VSP. “Seniors’ Sign: Yearly Checkups a Must.” Web. 2018.

Natural Eye Care. “Eye Care for Seniors,” by Dr. Grossman. Web. 2018.

The Vision Council. “Digital Eye Strain” Web. 2018.

Bausch and Lomb. “60s+ Eye Health.” Web. 2018.

A Plethora of Information

As a society, we have generally become more conscious of nutritional needs. That should come as no surprise given the amount of information that we are inundated with on a daily basis, informing us of what we should and shouldn’t eat, and what to avoid. With so much information, it’s inevitable that some bad information gets out there, only to be perpetuated and believed by many.

It’s estimated that one in three older adults admitted to the hospital is malnourished.

When it comes to nutrition for older adults, misinformation can be especially dangerous. Though it may be difficult to believe, we live in a time when senior malnutrition – or the insufficient intake of food compared to nutritional requirements – represents a growing problem in the country. In an effort to provide accurate information to help support health and wellbeing, we want to dispel some of the more common myths surrounding senior nutrition. Please note that seniors should always consult their physician before making any dietary changes.

Five Senior Nutrition Myths

1. Fewer nutrients are required

   While some seniors may require fewer calories than other adults, nutrients are a different story altogether. Because our bodies aren’t as efficient at absorbing vitamins and minerals as we get older, there are some nutrients that we need more of, such as vitamin D, vitamin B-12, calcium, and iron. Instead of trying to reach a certain caloric amount each day, the key is to incorporate nutrient-dense foods into the diet. Some of these foods include whole-grain bread, fruits and vegetables, lean proteins, and calcium-fortified milk.

2. Drinking water is only necessary when you’re thirsty

Hydration is a crucial aspect of nutrition no matter how young or old we are. But for aging adults, who generally face a greater risk of dehydration, drinking an adequate amount of water is critical. The problem is that some mistakenly associate hydration with thirst, and the signals we rely on to tell us that we are thirsty begin to diminish as we get older. Since these signals aren’t as effective, it’s imperative for seniors to build a proper hydration schedule into their daily routine to reach the recommended sixty-four ounces.

3. Gaining weight doesn’t pose a threat

   Becoming overweight or obese is just as dangerous for older adults as it is for younger adults, and can significantly impact not only cardiovascular health, but also mobility (which may already be limited, due to other age-related factors). Our metabolism slows down as we age, which makes it increasingly difficult to burn off excess calories, making it even more imperative that what’s consumed is substantial. Seniors can take an active role in reducing or preventing weight gain by choosing healthier options and engaging in physical activity (with physician approval).

4. Supplements can replace food

   Go down the nutrition aisle at your local grocery store, and you’re likely to assume there’s a supplement for just about anything. While these certainly serve their purpose in filling in the gaps and providing seniors with extra nutrients where needed, they should not be relied on solely for proper nutrition, or serve as a substitute for real food. Doing so can cause severe gastrointestinal side effects and, over time, lead to malnutrition.

5. It’s too late to begin eating healthy

When it comes to nutrition, it’s easy to adopt a defeatist attitude. The belief that having a healthy lifestyle is no longer an option can be common, even for younger adults. For seniors, especially those who are facing the last years of life, these feelings of hopelessness may be heightened. Fortunately, every change that’s made – no matter how small – can make a significant impact on senior health and wellbeing. Seniors can start by doing something as simple as reducing their sodium intake, then replacing unhealthy foods for nutrient-dense whole foods, and soon enough, they’ll be on their way to feeling healthier and happier.

Comfort Keepers^® Can Help

At Comfort Keepers^®, our compassionate, professional caregivers can help seniors prepare nutritious meals and see that they get the nutrients needed to remain healthy. Additionally, we can provide transportation to and from the grocery store, remind them to take any prescribed medications/supplements, and help with daily tasks in the home. Contact a local Comfort Keepers office today to learn more about our in-home care services.

References:

Caring.com. “7 Common Senior Nutrition Myths” by Caring.com staff writers. Web. 2018.

Huffington Post. “Debunked! 7 Common Senior Nutrition Myths” by Laura Dixon. Web. 2018.

Huffington Post. “Senior Malnutrition: A National Nutrition Crisis” by Robert B. Blancato. Web. 2015.

Chefs for Seniors. “7 Senior Nutrition Myths.” Web. 2018.

Medicine Net. “Health Tips: Seniors, Focus on Nutrient-Dense Foods” by HealthDayNews. Web. 2018.

The Silent Killer
53% of Canadians aged 60 to 79 have high blood pressure (or hypertension). It’s especially concerning considering that high blood pressure contributes significantly to the risk of health conditions that thousands face each year, such as heart attack, stroke, chronic heart failure, and kidney disease. And because those with high blood pressure tend not to have any symptoms, the disease is often referred to as the ‘silent killer.’

Blood pressure can increase for those of any age, but adults age 65 and older tend to be at greater risk of high blood pressure because of structural changes to the arteries. Fortunately, education around blood pressure seems to be making an impact; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) notes that there has been a gradual increase in the number of older adults who have received treatment for high blood pressure since 1999. The key to managing high blood pressure for these individuals was having their blood pressure checked frequently. But what exactly constitutes normal blood pressure for seniors?

The CDC reports that nearly 8 out of 10 people who have their first stroke also have high blood pressure

What Is Considered Normal?
High blood pressure was, for many years, treated at 140/90mm Hg, but just last year, the American College of Cardiology (ACC) released new guidelines that consider 130/80 to be high. While these new guidelines were put in place to help treat high blood pressure earlier, some in the medical community feel that it may be harder to apply directly to seniors, who, as mentioned, already have higher blood pressure levels than younger adults. Treating the matter as black and white may not be realistic. For instance, lowering a senior’s blood pressure, when unnecessary, can dramatically increase seniors’ risk of falling. Conversely, one study showed that frail seniors may actually benefit from a slightly higher blood pressure level to help facilitate constant blood flow.

By ACC standards, blood pressure lower than 120/80 is still considered ideal, but physicians should consider all aspects of a senior’s wellbeing before setting out to reach this goal. Cardiovascular health is an extraordinarily important part of our overall health, but it should not be managed in a silo. Seniors should discuss the subject of their blood pressure thoroughly with a physician, keeping in mind any existing conditions and current medications. A comprehensive discussion will help lead to a better plan for either reducing the risk of high blood pressure or management of existing high blood pressure.

Managing Blood Pressure
All seniors should obtain a blood pressure monitor for their home so that they can self-check. It’s recommended that several readings, across the span of about one week, are averaged in order to get higher level of blood pressure accuracy. If blood pressure consistently stays high, medication may be required. However, there are a number of lifestyle choices seniors can make to help reduce their risk of high blood pressure, all of which should be done with physician approval.

• Follow a balanced, heart-healthy diet, complete with fruits and vegetables, high-fiber foods, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, and nuts
• Maintain a healthy weight
• Get some form of exercise every day for at least 30 minutes
• Do not salt your food and avoid processed foods whenever possible (especially if salt-sensitive)
• Follow a consistent sleep schedule
• Limit alcohol consumption (no more than one beverage a day for women, and two for men)
• Don’t smoke, or take steps to quit

Comfort Keepers® Can Help
The compassionate, professional caregivers of Comfort Keepers® can promote a heart-healthy lifestyle for seniors, in addition to other in-home care services, such as light housekeeping and mobility assistance. We can also provide transportation to and from the doctor’s office for any scheduled visits, and even help those recovering from any heart-related conditions. Contact a local Comfort Keepers office to learn about these services and others for seniors.

References:
Statistics Canada. “Health Fact Sheets:Blood pressure of adults, 2012 to 2015.” Web. 2016.
AgingCare. “High Blood Pressure: Guidelines and Treatments for Seniors. Web. 2018.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “High Blood Pressure Facts.” Web. 2018.
Better Health While Aging. “6 Steps to Better High Blood Pressure Treatment for Older Adults” by Leslie Kernisan, MD
MPH. Web. 2016.
American College of Cardiology. “New ACC/AHA High Blood Pressure Guidelines Lower Definition of Hypertension”
Web. 2017.
Harvard Health Publishing. “Blood pressure goals may need to change with age” by Howard LeWine, M.D Web. 2012.
National Institute on Aging. “High Blood Pressure.” Web. 2015.

Under the Radar

There are a number of diseases and conditions that have fully made their way into our shared lexicon, from the mild to the severe. Diabetes. Alzheimer’s. Arthritis. Cancer. These only represent a few, but there’s a good chance that you can think of someone who has dealt with each. One that you may not be so familiar with, however, is sarcoidosis – a chronic disease that leads to the formation of inflammatory cells in various organs throughout the body. And more than a third of those affected by sarcoidosis are older adults. While it can affect the eyes, liver, and heart, sarcoidosis usually impacts the lungs and skin, causing intense shortness of breath and lesions, respectively.

If sarcoidosis is starting to sound somewhat familiar, you may remember hearing about it back in 2008, after the death of comedian Bernie Mac. In 1983, Mac was diagnosed with the disease, which left his lungs in a weakened state. It wasn’t until the last few years of his life that he publicly discussed his struggle with sarcoidosis, but he was determined to create greater awareness, and even helped establish a foundation dedicated to the cause. Mac’s official cause of death was complications from pneumonia, but there were some who expressed that there may have been a link between the pneumonia and the disease with which he battled for so long.

According to a Global Burden and Disease Study, in 2015, sarcoidosis affected close to 2 million people globally, resulting in over 100,000 deaths.

An Ongoing Search

Fortunately, awareness of sarcoidosis and research efforts have expanded the last few years, but overall, there’s still little that we know about the disease. Researchers believe that it is the result of abnormal immune system response, but what triggers this remains a mystery. Some suspect that it’s brought on by the inhalation of certain harmful airborne toxins. In fact, a recent study showed a significant number of EMS and firefighters who helped in rescue and recovery during 9/11 have been diagnosed with sarcoidosis. Genetic susceptibility to sarcoidosis is also thought to be a primary factor.

What we do know about sarcoidosis is that it can affect anybody – and while it is often seen in those between the ages of 20 and 40, approximately 30% of all cases occur in older adults (those over 65 years of age). In this instance it is known as elderly-onset sarcoidosis.

Treatment and Living with Sarcoidosis

If seniors suspect that they may have sarcoidosis, based on the known symptoms (shortness of breath, fatigue, lesions on the skin, etc.), they should immediately contact their physician. He or she will examine the organs for granulomas and ask about medical history, with specific focus on family history of sarcoidosis, occupations that may have increased risk, exposure to beryllium metal, or contact with organic dust. A physician will then run a series of diagnostic tests, including chest x-rays, lung function tests, and biopsies.

If sarcoidosis is diagnosed, there are forms of treatment available, but they may not be for everyone. For those whose organs have been significantly impacted, treatment will almost certainly be recommended. Prescribed treatment will involve improving organ functionality, relieving symptoms, and reducing inflammation (through a steroid called prednisone). Sarcoidosis may naturally go away for some, making treatment unnecessary. However, though symptoms may dissipate, organs can still be damaged from sarcoidosis, ultimately making it more difficult to fight infection – a factor that, as noted above, may have been involved in Bernie Mac’s complications from pneumonia.

In all cases of sarcoidosis, individuals should follow up regularly with their health care team to have everything reassessed. And just like with any other disease, living with sarcoidosis may lead to feelings of anxiety or depression. That’s why having a support system comprised of family and friends is key – especially for older adults who may be struggling with these feelings anyway. Seniors can also take advantage of support groups – available through the Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research – and connect with those who have dealt with sarcoidosis. While it may not have the same level of public awareness as other diseases, it’s important to remember that sarcoidosis should be taken just as seriously.

Comfort Keepers^® Can Help 

The compassionate, professional team of caregivers at Comfort Keepers^® can help support seniors as they recover from sarcoidosis. Whether that means providing companionship throughout the week and reminding them to take medication or simply helping with laundry and meal preparation, we can help make life easier for them. Our caregivers can also assist in providing transportation to scheduled medical appointments or anywhere else seniors need to go. Learn more about Comfort Keepers’ unique style of caregiving by contacting your local Comfort Keepers office today.

References:

Scientific American. “What is Sarcoidosis?” by Nikhil Swaminathan. Web. 2018.

National Institutes of Health. “Elderly-Onset Sarcoidosis: Prevalence, Clinical Course, and Treatment” by
Jamilloux Y, Bonnefoy M, Valeyre D, Varron L, Broussolle C, Sève P. Web. 2013.

Sarcoidosis News. “High Incidence of Sarcoidosis Found in Ground Zero Firefighters and EMS Works Post 9/11” by
Ana Pamplona, PHD. Web. 2017.

Chest Foundation. “Sarcoidosis” by Doreen Addrizzo-Harris, MD, FCCP; Joseph Barney, MSPH, MD, FACP, FCCP;
Samantha D’Annunzio, MD; Sheetal Gandotra, MD; Nina Patel, MD, FCCP. Web. 2018.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. “Sarcoidosis.” Web. 2015.

ABC News. “Mac’s Death Raises Sarcoidosis Awareness” by Dan Childs and ABC News Medical Unit. Web. 2008.

An Important Topic

Let’s face it, when it comes to discussing what goes on in the bathroom, most of us opt to change the subject entirely. It’s something that we’ve been conditioned to feel uncomfortable about, especially when things aren’t as normal as they should be. But while gut health may not exactly be something to bring up at the next family get-together or cocktail party, it certainly deserves our utmost attention on a movement-by-movement basis. Frequent irregularity can indicate the presence of a bowel disorder – and chief among them, for aging adults, is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Many seniors are affected by IBS, and the increased stress that they face can make symptoms and the overall outcome quite serious, if not managed.

What Is IBS?

IBS is characterized by frequent discomfort from changes in bowel movements, which may include diarrhea and constipation, or an alternation between the two – typically over an extended period of time. Other symptoms include acid reflux, bloating, and difficulty swallowing. While these are the most common symptoms, IBS truly is different for everyone, and to date, the medical community isn’t entirely sure what the root cause of IBS is. However, there are a handful of factors that, when combined, appear to trigger IBS.

Sensitivity to certain foods or drinks is one of the primary factors; seniors with IBS may find that their digestive system no longer responds well to the fried and fatty foods or alcoholic drinks they enjoyed in their younger years. Genetics also seem to play a role, as IBS is more likely to occur in people who have a history of the condition. However, recent studies indicate that IBS may have more to do with stress and the way in which our gut talks with our brain.

5 million Canadians suffer from IBS with 120,000 Canadians developing IBS each year.

Stress as a Factor

Stress has long been associated with IBS, but only recently has there been scientific understanding of what the relationship may be. Over the last few years, studies on gut health have shown that in many ways, the gut seemingly represents a second brain because of its complex system of neurons. These neurons are linked to the brain in a way that essentially forms an axis – a two-way road where the brain influences the gut and vice versa. Feelings of stress will cause the bowels to act irregularly, which then causes additional stress – forming a vicious cycle.

The same is certainly true for seniors, but the effect can often be much worse. As we age, our bodies are not as well-equipped to deal with prolonged irregularity – and an IBS symptom such as diarrhea can ultimately lead to malnourishment if the right nutrients are not being absorbed. As mentioned above, stress is not the only factor to consider with IBS, but seniors should not underestimate the brain-gut relationship. Though stress management is an important step in IBS management, seniors can also control the disorder by incorporating specific lifestyle changes such as diet adjustment, exercise, probiotics, and certain medications (all with physician consultation and approval).

The symptoms of IBS are similar to those of colon cancer, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and internal obstruction – which makes physician consultation all the more imperative for seniors. Thorough testing can help rule out digestive disorders which may be life-threatening.

Comfort Keepers^® Can Help

No matter what, it’s important for seniors to understand that IBS isn’t a normal part of aging. By identifying the triggers and consulting a physician on what lifestyle choices to make, seniors can continue living healthy lives. The compassionate, professional caregiving team at Comfort Keepers^® help promote positive wellbeing for seniors and can see that they follow diets as prescribed by a physician/dietician. We can also provide incidental transportation, mobility assistance, and light housekeeping – all with the goal of helping seniors maintain a safe, healthy, and independent lifestyle. Contact a local Comfort Keepers office today to learn more.

References:

IrritableBowelSyndrome.Net. “Do Stress and Anxiety Cause IBS?” Web. 2016.

WebMD. “IBS Triggers and How to Avoid Them.” Web. 2018.

SeniorHealth365. “Irritable Bowel Syndrome in the Elderly.” Web. 2018.

HealthLine. “The Dangers of Untreated IBS-C/CIC”

Canadian Digestive Health Foundation.  “Statistics”  Web. 2018.

Like all of our primary senses, we tend to take our vision for granted. It helps us navigate everyday life, from the moment we wake up to the time we go to sleep – and yet, how often do we really stop to think about the biological processes involved, or even the possibility that our eyes might fail us? For many aging adults, the concern of failing eyesight is quite real.

The Canadian Association of Optometrists recommends that all adults, 65 years of age and older, receive annual eye examinations.

Past the age of 60, a number of eye diseases can begin to develop, a majority of which have the potential to permanently damage one’s vision. What’s more, the symptoms associated with these diseases often do not manifest until later in the development cycle. So, while one’s vision may seem completely normal, there may be problems brewing. Here are the four eye diseases seniors should be aware of:

• Glaucoma: Technically a group of eye diseases, glaucoma is the result of pressure buildup inside the eye, which ultimately damages the eye’s optic nerve. As glaucoma progresses, one may experience his or her peripheral vision to weaken. Prior to that, however, there are no initial symptoms. In fact, it’s estimated that nearly 1 million people have glaucoma but are unaware.
• Age–related macular degeneration (AMD): Although it rarely results in blindness, AMD deteriorates one’s central vision because of damage to part of the retina called the macula. With this central or “straight ahead” vision affected, activities such as driving or reading become challenging.

• Cataracts: Defined as the clumping of proteins within the lens of the eye, a cataract causes cloudy or opaque vision. Those who have had vision affected by cataracts must have surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with a new one.
• Diabetic retinopathy: This is a complication of diabetes, wherein blood vessels in the eyes burst and bleed, eventually detaching the retina. Those with diabetic retinopathy experience shadows or dark objects that float within their field of vision. While there is no cure, laser treatment is often effective in preventing blindness before the retina becomes too damaged.

Risk Reduction: What Seniors Can Do
Like all of our organs, eyes are not immune to the process of aging. A gradual decrease in vision may be normal as we age, but it’s not uncommon for seniors to have excellent vision. Encourage your aging loved ones to take the following steps to ensure their eyesight remains sharp late into life:

• Schedule a comprehensive eye exam annually (at a minimum), to check for:
  • Visual acuity (measuring sight at varying distances)
  • Pupil dilation (widening the pupil using drops, to determine signs of disease)
  • Tonometry (measuring fluid pressure within the eyes)
• Protect eyes from ultraviolet light. If going outside when it’s sunny, be sure to wear a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses.
• Don’t smoke, or take steps to quit. The chances of developing many of the aforementioned eye diseases increase dramatically if you smoke.
• Exercise regularly and follow a healthy diet (with physician’s approval), with foods high in antioxidants, omega 3 fatty acids, vitamins A and C, and magnesium. Pay close attention to sugar intake especially, as studies indicate sugar has a significant impact on eye disease formation. Always check with your physician before making any dietary changes.
• Notify your optometrist immediately if you notice any changes in vision.

Comfort Keepers^® Can Help
The compassionate, professional caregivers of Comfort Keepers can help your aging loved ones live comfortably at home, even if they struggle with their vision. They can provide mobility assistance, meal preparation, and help with areas of daily living. Additionally, caregivers will drive loved ones to scheduled optometrist appointments and other places in town. Contact your local Comfort Keepers today to learn more about how in-home care can help your loved ones.

References:
American Optometric Association. “Adult Vision: Over 60 Years of Age.” Web. 2017.

Natural Eye Care. “Eye Care for Seniors: Problems More Common With Aging.” Web. 2017.

AgingCare.com. “Warning Signs of Senior Eye Disease” by James M. Maisel, M.D. Web. 2017.
AgingCare.com. “The 4 Most Common Age-Related Eye Diseases” by Marlo Sollitto. Web. 2017.

Cancer of the cervix, or cervical cancer, was once listed as one of the most common causes of cancer death among women. In the last few decades, however, the death rate has decreased considerably thanks to the development of the Pap test – recommended for women between the ages of 21 and 65, every three years.

A majority of cervical cancer cases are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Two particular types, HPV-16 and HPV-18, make up 70% of cervical cancers worldwide.

A Persistent Risk

Although the risk of developing cervical cancer is greatest during middle age, the threat is still considerable once women reach 65 years of age. In fact, it’s estimated that more than 15% of cervical cancer cases are found past the normal age range. One reason for this is that some women begin opting out of pap tests (among other screenings) as they get older, thinking that there is no longer a discernable risk. As mentioned, there is indeed a risk, and what’s more, past the age of 65, cervical cancer becomes harder to treat. One study showed that cervical cancer patients over the age 70 had 1.6 times greater chance of death than those under 70, even with the same conditions.

The Importance of Screening and Best Practices

The key to decreasing risk of finding cervical cancer later in life is, as many studies seem to indicate, testing. The American Cancer Society reports that cancer occurred far less in women who received regular tests before the age of 65. Of course, when it comes to any type of cancer screening for older adults, nothing is black and white – and cervical cancer is certainly no exception. That being said, there are some best practices that older women can follow in regard to cervical cancer screening. Here are a few:

• If you are younger than 65 and have not had a screening done within the last five years (and have not had a hysterectomy), ask your doctor about getting a screening.
• If you are older than 65 and have not had a hysterectomy, discuss your risk for cervical cancer, as well as the pros and cons of screening.
• Ensure that health care staff and physicians check your health records thoroughly before they make the decision on whether screening should stop.
• If you have no recent history of pap tests, talk to your physician or health care professionals about scheduling a test.

The topic of cervical cancer can be scary for many aging adults, especially if they haven’t kept up on pap tests – but the sooner information is gathered, the sooner a plan of action can be made. Encourage your aging loved ones to consult their physician/health care team to find out the best approach for screening and/or treatment.

Comfort Keepers^® Can Help

The professional care team at Comfort Keepers^® can help promote healthy and independent living for your aging loved ones. Plans of care can include everything from mobility assistance to companionship, but caregivers can also provide transportation to and from scheduled medical appointments. So if your loved ones need to visit a physician to get tested or discuss cervical cancer, our caregivers will get them there safely and on time. To learn more about Comfort Keepers services, contact your local office today.

References:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Some Older Women Are Not Getting Recommended Cervical Cancer Screenings.” Web. 2017.

American Cancer Society. “What Are the Key Statistics About Cervical Cancer?” Web. 2017.

HealingWell.com. “Elderly Women with Cervical Cancer Face Tough Battle.” Web. 2015.

National Institutes of Health. “Cervical Cancer.” Web. 2017.

It’s common for older adults to experience feelings of fatigue, restlessness, and sadness – and often times, they may simply associate them with getting older, thinking that there is no solution in sight. To make things worse, family members may also be quick to assume that a loved one is experiencing age-related depression or problems with mental faculties. What you and your loved ones may not know, however, is that these symptoms may actually indicate a problem with the thyroid gland.

The chances of developing thyroid disease increase dramatically with age – so much so that nearly 20% of women 60 years of age and older have some form of the disease.

Understanding Thyroid Disorders

The thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped organ that helps regulate metabolism through hormones (T3 and T4), goes through a number of changes as we age. Some of these changes are microscopic, while others are more physiological – but both can impact the release of the T3 and T4 hormones. If these hormones are not in balance, two disorders may arise:

• Hyperthyroidism: This disorder occurs when the thyroid is overactive in its production of hormones. Those with hyperthyroidism often experience excessive weight loss, nervousness, difficulty sleeping, and constant anxiety. Hyperthyroidism can result from inflammation of the thyroid, pituitary gland malfunctions, or cancerous growths in the gland itself.
• Hypothyroidism: Significantly more common among older adults than hyperthyroidism, this disorder stems from a hormone deficiency. With a drop in hormone production, energy levels decrease, leading to extreme fatigue, difficulty concentrating, weight changes, and even muscle pain. Hypothyroidism can result from an autoimmune disorder known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, exposure to iodide, and as a side effect from the drug lithium.

What Should Seniors Do?

If your aging loved ones experience any of the symptoms associated with either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, encourage them to ask their physician for a thyroid evaluation. As mentioned, these symptoms can be similar to other age-related conditions, so it’s important that the thyroid is considered. A thyroid evaluation involves checking the gland and conducting a blood test that evaluates T3 and T4 levels.

Hypothyroidism is typically treated through hormone replacement therapy, while hyperthyroidism is treated with radioactive iodine (RAI), along with antithyroid drug therapy. Surgery may also be required for hyperthyroidism, but is rarely recommended because of age-related risk factors. Treatment of both conditions should be carefully monitored by professionals, so that adjustments can be made immediately.

Even if your aging loved ones are not currently experiencing these thyroid disorders, it’s important that they take steps to help reduce their risk. For hyperthyroidism, preventative measures include reducing stress, avoiding caffeine, and not smoking. For hypothyroidism, it’s recommended that you check for celiac disease/gluten intolerance, avoid fluoride whenever possible, and also ask for a thyroid collar when getting x-rayed.

Comfort Keepers^® Can Help
Comfort Keepers is proud to provide compassionate, professional, in-home care to seniors and other adults. This includes everything from nutritious meal preparation to transportation to and from your loved ones’ preferred destinations. If they are faced with thyroid problems, our caregivers can work to make daily living more comfortable so that they are either making choices conducive to a smooth recovery or risk reduction. For more information about Comfort Keepers’ services, contact your local office today.

References:
Only My Health. “Preventive Measure for Hyperthyroidism” by Vatsal Anand. Web. 2017.

Very Well. “Things You Can Do to Prevent A Thyroid Condition” by Mary Shomon. Web. 2017.

WebMD. “Understanding Thyroid Problems – The Basics” Web. 2017.
Medicine Net. “Thyroid and Aging – Helping to Keep the Golden Years Golden” by Ruchi Mathur, M.D. Web. 2017.